Connected on 2008-02-26 08:00:00 from , , HN
- 6:57am
- Bugscope Team 6:50AM, setup the scope
- 7:03am
- Bugscope Team sample in scope, vacuum on
- Bugscope Team venting scope, must put in different sample
- 7:15am
- Bugscope Team correct sample in scope, starting vacuum
- Bugscope Team In in a sec.
- Bugscope Team vac ok
- 7:27am
- 7:34am
- 7:40am
- 7:46am
- Bugscope Team hola!
- Bugscope Team buenos dias!
- Teacher Hello
- Bugscope Team Bienvenida a bugscope
- Guest buenos dias!
- Teacher Hi alex
- Teacher this is edgar
- Guest holitas!!
- Bugscope Team Hello!
- Bugscope Team Que hablo sólo un poco de español
- Guest hola buenos dias
- Bugscope Team Hola!]
- Bugscope Team can't type...
- Bugscope Team we tried to make the presets in spanish, hope they are right!
- 7:51am
- Guest buen dia
- Guest hi erevy one! nice to meet you all
- Bugscope Team this sample has E. coli, salt, and a few insectos on it.
- Bugscope Team okay, we are ready, the session is unlocked, and you can start driving the scope anytime now
- Guest hello im irina
- Guest im on line
- Bugscope Team if you have any questions, please just ask
- Bugscope Team you can click on the presets (if you are the teacher) on the right to choose another area
- Student Hello!
- Bugscope Team hola Irina!
- Guest why did you say E coli salt?
- Bugscope Team Hello Colosh!
- Bugscope Team right now, "the teacher" has control of the scope, but at anytime we can give control to any student or guest
- Guest hellooo ppl..good morning
- Teacher I would like for one of you guys to give the students here a brief introduction on how to use the SEM
- Bugscope Team buenos dias!
- Bugscope Team E coli, and then salt, sorry
- Guest ah ok thanks
- Bugscope Team scott is an expert electron microscopist, so he can definitly do that for ya
- Bugscope Team the SEM is about the size of a large desk, and it has its own electrical supply, water cooling, nitrogen, air for the valves, and its own room
- Bugscope Team there is a picutre of the ESEM here: http://www.itg.uiuc.edu/ms/equipment/microscopes/esem/
- Bugscope Team the main part of the microscope is a square table that rests on airbags for vibration isolation
- Bugscope Team what we do is put a sample, like that we are using today, into the specimen chamber and pump it down to a good vacuum.
- 7:56am
- Bugscope Team once the vacuum is good enough we can beam electrons down the column at the sample
- Guest I´d like to ask Mr. Scott something
- Bugscope Team go ahead!
- Guest what is the vacuum?
- Guest I was wondering if you had to take any course or capacitation about these "microscopes"? and how long it taked?
- Bugscope Team it is a small chamber inside the microscope, and the vacuum is needed for the electrons to capture an image correctly
- Bugscope Team it is a vacuum much like exists in space
- Bugscope Team allthough not as empty as it is in space
- Teacher what is the difference between TEM and SEM?
- Bugscope Team TEM and SEM are transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively
- Bugscope Team with TEM you are transmitting electrons through an ultrathin sample; it is analogous to a light microscope
- Guest witch one ´d you considerate better?
- Bugscope Team hi edgar, you are welcome to drive the microscope
- Bugscope Team you should see controls on your top right
- Bugscope Team but the ultrathin sample is about 90 nm thick and usually made using an ultramicrotome
- 8:01am
- Bugscope Team magnify, navigation, focus and adjust
- Bugscope Team try clicking on "click to center", then click somewhere in the image, and the scope will move to that position
- Bugscope Team also, you can click on a preset, that will take you directly to that location. we made presets of lots of different things
- Bugscope Team ing. garrapata I have been doing this for almost 25 years full time but it doesn't take too long to learn how to operate the microscopes
- Bugscope Team the tricks are learning how to handle each kind of sample
- Bugscope Team and how to maximize your ability to get good resolution
- Bugscope Team cool, that was good, a click to center.
- Bugscope Team an SEM is used to image three-dimensional samples; unlike the TEM we do not want to penetrate the surface of the sample
- Bugscope Team then you can adjust magnification by clicking on the + or the -
- Bugscope Team an SEM does not have as high an accelerating voltage
- Teacher Do you save the chat we are doing?
Bugscope Team yes, all the chat is saved, as well as images, to your member page: http://bugscope.beckman.uiuc.edu/members/2008-005
- Bugscope Team the SEM we are using can handle a sample 50 mm across
- Teacher Students are trying to copy it
- Bugscope Team the chat is being saved, as are the images
- Teacher but would be better just to gave it to them
- Bugscope Team so it is not necessary to copy it
- Bugscope Team we are happy to have you all ask questions
- 8:06am
- Bugscope Team edgar, if some of your students want to control the scope, we can give them control. but only one person can control at once.
- Bugscope Team ah, nice, trying the focus
- Guest how do you save the image?
Bugscope Team images are saved automatically whenever the scope stops moving. hundreds of images will be saved during your session
- Bugscope Team these images are saved automatically.
- Bugscope Team if you want to make sure to save an image, just make sure you keep the image still for 1-2 seconds. that's all it takes
- Bugscope Team when we use the microscope here we slow the electron beam down to capture an image
- Bugscope Team we make the microscope scan with more horizontal lines so we get a higher resolution image
- Bugscope Team there have already been 37 images saved during this session
- Guest what types of works do u oftenly been asked to do with the microscopes
- Guest oh ok, thanke you very much! you all are very nice
- Bugscope Team you can see them at http://bugscope.beckman.uiuc.edu/members/2008-005
- Guest How do you analize so many data?
- Teacher OK, I went over the controls, now groups are going to start using it
Bugscope Team ok, but we can give control to anyone who is logged in, you don't have to swtich people to your computer
- Guest i mean their practical use!
- Guest i mean so many images, or you just select the most important?
Bugscope Team there is no qualitative measure when saving images, we save an image whenever the scope is not moving.
- Bugscope Team we train graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, mostly, to use the microscope to perform their own research
- Teacher every 10 to 15 min we will switch
- Bugscope Team sacoto we choose the best images, as you suggested
Bugscope Team oh yeah, when making presets, we do choose good images... sorry i thought you were talking about the images collected on the members page
- Guest how do you iniciate this program? what was your objective
- Bugscope Team when we use the microscope here it is a little different than what we are doing today
- Bugscope Team pajara we set this up 9 years ago with thge objective of providing a sustainable outreach program -- one that we could afford to support
- Guest How do you analize live samples? Do you use the same microscope and technique?
- 8:12am
- Bugscope Team this is after we had a very expensive short term outreach program called chickscsope
- Guest please how can i detect some differences between these images?
- Student Hello Scott! I will like to know what types of lenses you use with SEM and TEM
- Bugscope Team this lab has lots of different microscopes, and some of them can be used to image live samples
- Guest Do you use reactives in this sample?
- Bugscope Team both SEM and TEM are based on the idea of a cathode ray tube, which is the same as a TV
- Guest how did you did it?
- Guest the sample?
- Bugscope Team these samples were fixed using glutaraldehyde and an isotonic buffer, probably sodium cacodylate'
- Guest at the beginning, whose people were using the bugscope?
Bugscope Team we have tried to make bugscope available to K-12 classrooms, anywhere in the world
- Bugscope Team at the beginning we were working with K-12 kids
- Teacher we are the students controling the microscope and we want to know whats the picture focus
- Bugscope Team most bugscope members are still teacher classrooms. we've had hundreds of sessions so far
- Bugscope Team we still work with K-12 kids
- Guest how can i get access to use this program?
Bugscope Team http://bugscope.beckman.uiuc.edu/apply
- Bugscope Team pajara all you need to do is apply online
- 8:17am
- Bugscope Team anyone can apply for bugscope, all you need is a classroom with internet access
- Guest how many samples do you check daily?
Bugscope Team the scope is used for bugscope, but also other researchers use the scope, it's used on average 2-5 times a day.
- Teacher we are the students controling the microscope and we want to know whats the picture focus
Bugscope Team the focus is simply changing the working distance of the electron beam to coincide with the sample
- Bugscope Team the thing in the middle of the image is a piece of the filter, broken
- Guest which has been the most interesting sample that you havd ever
- Bugscope Team that is a cross section of the filter
- Guest Whiwatch?
- Guest watch?
- Teacher can we see the bugs
Bugscope Team sure, click on a preset that is a bug
- Guest how can i get some information between contamined sample and non contamined sample?
- Bugscope Team with insects/arthropods the most interesting samples are mites and ticks
- Bugscope Team you are controling the scope! you can move the scope anywhere you want to
- Bugscope Team select from the choices to the right of the chat box
- Teacher mites
- Bugscope Team those are presets, and if you click on one the 'scope will move to that place
- Bugscope Team mites are tiny arthropods that live on some insects
- Bugscope Team yay, there ya go!
- Bugscope Team this is the claw of a small moth
- Bugscope Team you can see the scales, and you can see to two claws themselves
- Bugscope Team now if you want to look closer at this bug, just magnify, or drive around it, or focus. you are controlling the scope live
- Guest Which is the smallest microorganism that you can see with the microscope?
- Bugscope Team this, now, is the body
- Bugscope Team nice focus!
- Teacher cool
- Bugscope Team sometimes it is easier to focus at lower mag, as you can see...
- 8:22am
- Bugscope Team we can see bacteria with this microscope, and probably viruses if they are large enough and on a flat smooth surface
- Bugscope Team usually if we want to see viruses we will use the TEM
- Bugscope Team some of the bacteria in presets #1 #2 and #3 are 2-3 microns in size, right scott?
- Student What's the smallest thing we can see with this microscope?
- Guest so interesting!
- Guest wow
- Bugscope Team the microscope has 2 nm resolution when everything is set up perfectly
- Bugscope Team notice the compound eye, all those facets are individual ommatidia, each has it's own lens
- Bugscope Team try focus a bit
- Bugscope Team with the SEM we can get meaningful and publishable images at no more than 200,000x.
- Bugscope Team if you focus in one direction and it gets worse, then try the other direction
- Bugscope Team nice...
- Bugscope Team nice, there you go
- Bugscope Team notice the seta sticking out inbetween the facets...
- Guest wwow it 's amazing
- Bugscope Team compound eyes have setae on them, they are thought to help the insect during flight
- Bugscope Team when you see those moire patterns you are getting an optical illusion using electrons
- Bugscope Team the patterns indicate that you are imaging very fine dot-like objects
- Bugscope Team you might try going to a little higher magnification here
- Teacher Scott can you switch to "pajara"
- Bugscope Team pajara now has control of the scope
- Bugscope Team okay pajara now has control
- 8:27am
- Bugscope Team maybe a little lower to start
- Bugscope Team you can see that the eye facets -- the ommatidia -- have a substructure
- Guest what are the little hairs between the eyes of the moth?
Bugscope Team they are called setae, and they help the insect during flight, to sense air movement and such
- Guest I have a question about the coli sample, maybe later could we see the membrane of a cell?
- Bugscope Team the hairs are called 'setae'
- Bugscope Team sure Sacoto
- Bugscope Team insects have thousands of setae all over their bodies
- Guest thanks
- Bugscope Team oh nice!
- Bugscope Team the setae help insects sense their environement, through chemo and mechano sensory...
- Bugscope Team the setae stick out through the exoskeleton of the insect
- Bugscope Team that is great focus and not easy to do remotely
- Bugscope Team this is the head of a ladybug
- Bugscope Team yeah, pajara, you rock dude
- Bugscope Team where you are
- Bugscope Team it will not have that super fine substructure
- Bugscope Team this is the base of one of the antennae
- Teacher whats the diference on resolution, magnification between tem and sem
- 8:32am
- Bugscope Team you can see the micron bar at the lower left on the screen
- Guest que exito
- Guest im a estudent at zamorano's university
- Bugscope Team out TEM resolution is 2 Angstroms, and that of the SEM is 2 nanometers
- Bugscope Team 2 x 10-10 and 2 x 10-9, respectively
- Guest can you explain me something about ladybug?
- Bugscope Team you are doing a fantastic job driving the 'scope
- Bugscope Team yes, please just ask
- Bugscope Team sure, Pajara
- Bugscope Team ladybugs eat other insects
- Guest what kind of insect it is?
Bugscope Team a ladybug is of the family: Coccinellidae
- Bugscope Team the Asian ladybeetles we have been seeing lately bite people sometimes
- Bugscope Team it is a beetle -- Coleoptera
- Bugscope Team they taste bad to birds
- Guest what' s his importance ?
- Bugscope Team so once a bird eats one it will not likely eat another
- Bugscope Team and cats too, often in north america you'll find hundreds of ladybugs in your house, and if you have cats they will eat them and puke them up
- Student can you identify the components of the celular walls and that kind of comnponents in your lab?
- Bugscope Team one thing they do that is probably helpful is eating aphids, which are plant pests
- Bugscope Team we can identify those using TEM
- 8:37am
- Bugscope Team so we can see the bilaminar membrane of cells, for example
- Guest which is the difference between th TEM and SEM about the illumination?
- Teacher Scott could you switch to colosh
- Student could you please tell me what are the components of the E. coli?
- Bugscope Team the hydrophobic and hydrophilic layers
- Guest and contrast?
- Guest can you give me your email please?
Bugscope Team we can be contacted at bugscope@itg.uiuc.edu, here is a page of who we are: http://bugscope.beckman.uiuc.edu/who_are_we
- Bugscope Team colosh, you now have control of the scope
- Guest just to try to join you sometime
- Bugscope Team E. coli have cell walls more like plants
- Bugscope Team TEM transmits electrons through a sample, and SEM beams electrons at a sample but they are not intended to penetrate it.
- Guest thanks
- Bugscope Team sjrobin@uiuc.edu
- Student so that that you said before about the TEM means that we could actually get to see the doble layer of the Gram negatice organisms?
- Guest which is the difference between th TEM and SEM about the illumination and contrast?
- Bugscope Team yes if we prepared the samples correctly we should be able to see the cell walls
- Bugscope Team the TEM has a much higher acceleration voltage -- ours has as much as 200 kV. whereas the SEM has as much as 30 kV, and we are using it at 5 kV now
- 8:43am
- Bugscope Team conrast in a TEM has to do with electron lucency versus electron density
- Bugscope Team contrast, that is
- Student ahce you ever used your equiptment at its maximun capacity? have you ever needed to use all that power?
- Guest i want to get some more information about microbiology, it' s for that i want to know if is there any possibility to be with you next year for my practice
- Student have*
- Bugscope Team so to stain a sample for TEM we use heavy metals like uranium, lead, molybdenum, tungsten, osmium...
- Bugscope Team Pajara the best thing to do here would be to work with Edgar's advisor.
- Guest which is the wave length of te SEM and TEM?
- Bugscope Team we use the TEM at 200 kV when we have samples that can take that much energy and we need that much better resolution
- Guest yes he is my teach
- Bugscope Team I guess you could say the wavelength is very short, if we are using electrons, because they are so small
- Guest but , i want to be in illinois for my practice
- Guest it for that , i ask you this question
- 8:48am
- Bugscope Team Pajara you would want to do essentially the same thing Edgar did when he went to school here.
- Guest Scott (this is edgar), could we switch to Anto
- Teacher electron density is for SEM
- Guest what 's the price of a TEM ?
- Bugscope Team for SEM we want the sample to be conductive, and we use gold-palladium to do that
- Guest how it cost?
- Bugscope Team we sputter the sample with a very fine coat of gold-palladium
- Guest which is the highest resolution of the microscope?
Bugscope Team for the SEM it's 800,000x, but we rarely get good images at that resolution
- Bugscope Team the wavelength of visible light is about 400 to 700 nm, or .4 to .7 microns
- Bugscope Team anto, click to stop moving!
- Bugscope Team the resolution of the SEM here is 2 nm, so it is much smaller
- Student hey, what´s the most important research that you guys have ever done in your place?
Bugscope Team we are in the Beckman Institute (http://www.beckman.uiuc.edu), there is lots of different research going on here. bone scafold regeneration, self-healing materials, etc, etc.
- Bugscope Team light microscopes generally magnify no more than 1200x.
- 8:53am
- Bugscope Team it is hard to say in so many years and with so many samples what has been the most important
- Student since when you started working with TEM and SEM?
- Bugscope Team we work with people who study coral reefs, and thermophiles at Yellowstone, and we work with people who are making bendable silicon so you could take a cell phone and roll it into a tube, and as Alex said we work with the self healing polymer people, etc.
- Guest Scott, pls switch to sacoto.
- Guest (edgar)
- Bugscope Team some of the people we work with are growing nerve cells in 3D
- Student wow! that´s very amazing
- Guest thanks
- Bugscope Team Sacoto you have got it.
- Guest looking for a damaged bacteria
- Bugscope Team What we do here is help people do their own work, and we advise them on the best way to do that
- 8:58am
- Bugscope Team sometimes of course we don't know how to do something, but we will always try and see what happens and how we might improve.
- Bugscope Team so we do not get involved directly, usually, in the implications of what someone is doing
- Bugscope Team these are ceramic filters; it is kind of cool to see them this way
- Student but still you are the ones who drive the equiptment and do the hard part of the job right?
- Bugscope Team you will find the most damaged bacteria on the sonicated sample
- Bugscope Team ing garrapata we teach people to use the microscopes and step in when they need help
- Guest thanks
- Student eventhough you can learn to use the microscopes in a short term, i guess it´s still not that easy to drive it with that exactitude
- Bugscope Team we try to ensure that the equipment is optimized for the uses the researchers put it to.
- Guest looks like a batllefield
- Bugscope Team yes a battlefield for sure
- Student why did that happened?
- Student or how? sorry
- 9:03am
- Bugscope Team these are the bacteria that were sonicated and kept at higher than normal temperatures
- Bugscope Team now we are at a magnification at which it is difficult to get good resolution using the microscope remotely
- Guest So the difference between sonicated and thermal process is considerable
- Guest Scott please switch to quhhhhhhhh
- Bugscope Team without having looked too close, it appears that the thermally treated bacteria were doing very well
- Bugscope Team alright quhhhh has it
- Guest yes, i thought it, but why do the coli resist heat so well?
- Bugscope Team but the sonicated bacteria had big problems. a lot of what we see is the internal components
- Bugscope Team it may be that their shape keeps them from being harmed, and the heat is not so bad that it would kill them
- Bugscope Team I think this was 61 C
- 9:08am
- Guest why do bacteria die with sonication?
- Bugscope Team the thermophiles we see from Yellowstone live at 73 C.
- Guest can we go to any bug?
- Guest I mean we would like to see another image..
- Bugscope Team sonication is intense, apparently
- Guest For some reason the preset image do not appear in this computes
Bugscope Team try hitting resfresh (F5)
- Bugscope Team and they are not accustomed to that kind of pressure
- Guest could you change for them to ticks
- Guest my colleage has a question, she asked if thermophilic bact dies with sonication?
- Guest what can i do to study some bacterial characteristics of some food like pasteurized milk for example
- Guest these kind of bacteria live in extreme condition
- Guest my colleage has a question, she asked if thermophilic bact dies with sonication?
- Bugscope Team regarding the thermophilic bacteria, I am not sure whether they have been cultured in the lab
- Guest Scott can we finalyswitch to Ing Garrapata
- Teacher whathats the differences between tem and sem in focus and lents?
- Guest garrapata is very lazy
- Bugscope Team if you wanted to study pasteurized milk I imagine you would have to take cultures, see what grows
- 9:13am
- Bugscope Team TEM and SEM are quite different; the SEM is much easier to just walk right in and use
- Bugscope Team TEM is tricky, and it is hard to see just where focus is
- Bugscope Team now try focusing
- Bugscope Team if it gets worse focus in the other direction
- Guest thanks 4 your time
- Guest bye bye muaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
- Guest thnku scott and alex for giving us this amazing experience!
- Teacher thanks scott , bye
- Guest see you sir, thanks for all. I was a very productiv session
- Bugscope Team Thank You!
- Bugscope Team muchas gracias!
- Student you were very nice and kind!! thax a lot
- Bugscope Team hasta luego
- Guest it was a very productive session
- Guest scott , alex and scope itwas a pleasure to you
- Guest to be with you
- Teacher Scott
- Bugscope Team thank you pajara, very nice to meet you
- Teacher Thanks for the session
- Bugscope Team Thank you so very much. It is very exciting for us to be able to say we connected with Honduras. A big deal for us, and we appreciate getting to work with you.
- Guest meet you next time
- Teacher Thanks to Alex and Jon too
- Bugscope Team Edgar we have another session coming up in 15 minutes?
- Teacher yeah
- Guest bye
- Teacher that is right
- 9:19am
- Bugscope Team Bye Pajara!
- Bugscope Team We would love to see you again, of course.
- Bugscope Team Thank you Sacoto, and Colosh, and Ing Garrapata...
- Bugscope Team and Anto..
- Bugscope Team i gave control back to "the teacher"
- Bugscope Team and quhhhh
- Bugscope Team so it's a different set of people coming on next, shall i logoff all the others?
- Teacher no}
- Teacher the computes remain the same, just one will change
- Teacher e safe time
- Bugscope Team ok
- Teacher I only see four
- 9:24am
- Bugscope Team i logged off the guests and students that had gone idle, sorry.
- Teacher is there any difference between guest ans students?
- Bugscope Team not functinal difference, no
- Bugscope Team but we prefer people related to the session to login as students
- Bugscope Team and guests are not related to the session
- Bugscope Team but functionally they are the same
- Teacher because some of the computer didn´t show the preset images
- Teacher ok
- Bugscope Team hmm, let me test something
- Teacher then I will switch all to students
- Bugscope Team all guests and all students should see the presets. if they aren't seeing the presets you might try refreshing the screen (F5), and make sure the browser window isn't cutting them off.
- Student hello!!!
- Bugscope Team the recommended screen resolution is 1280x1024, if you are smaller than that, the browser might cut off the right side, which includes the presets
- Bugscope Team hola ecoli!
- Bugscope Team buenos dias!
- Student hello alex
- Student do you speak spanish_
- Bugscope Team un poquito
- Bugscope Team solo un poquito
- Bugscope Team me llamo alejandro
- Student hola
- Bugscope Team que pasa amigos y amigas
- Bugscope Team Hola Mariposa!
- 9:29am
- Student do you speak english
- Bugscope Team We try...
- Bugscope Team si, we speak english better than spanish
- Bugscope Team yes hello
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team we are very excited to have people from honduras for bugscope!
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team basically we struggle with Spanish
- Student we are 3 diferents contries
- Bugscope Team really?
- Student Panmá, Ecuador and Honduras
- Student hi
- Student we are 4 guys ... from differents countries
- Bugscope Team really? what countries are we speaking to?
- Bugscope Team that is pretty cool
- Student yes
- Student hi
- Bugscope Team cool! my uncle works for the dutch government in ecuador
- Student hola
- Bugscope Team wow cool
- Student hello there
- Bugscope Team one of our staff members is from guatemala, alejandro jerez
- Bugscope Team Hello Mots!
- Student what this is
- Student one of the mots member is from guatemala too
- Bugscope Team This is an out of focus image of bacteria
- Student thaks
- Bugscope Team scott is focusing now
- Student what bacteriia
- 9:34am
- Bugscope Team Ants can you see the image now?
- Bugscope Team these are E. coli from Edgar's lab here.
- Bugscope Team you can see one, at least, that has divided
- Bugscope Team almost in the center...
- Bugscope Team people from Edgar's old lab put these samples together for us
- Bugscope Team you know you are controlling a scanning electron microscope
- Bugscope Team also called an SEM.
- Student ok
- Student yes
- Bugscope Team TEM is transmission electron microscopy, or microscope
- Student ok
- Student yes, i read that
- Bugscope Team with an SEM you beam electrons at a sample, line by line, and you get secondary electrons back from the conductive coating on the surface of the sample'
- Bugscope Team the secondary electrons give us the image that we see.
- Student what is SEM?
- Bugscope Team SEM = scanning electron microscopy
- Teacher Ok, Scott I just went over with the control with all the new students
- 9:39am
- Student thaks
- Student what carer are you study?
- Teacher They will start moving around
- Bugscope Team if the electron beam scans across a very small area you get a high magnification image; if it scans across a large area you get a low magnification image
- Student how much does a microscope like this costs_?
- Teacher so same as last session
- Bugscope Team basically the scope shoots electrons at the sample, they bounce off the sample that is coated, and are gather into a secondary electron collector
- Bugscope Team this one cost about $600,000.
- Bugscope Team in 1998
- Bugscope Team this is a ladybug
- Student where are you from alex?
- Student do you have also tem??
- Student huy, this is wondwrful!!!!!
- Bugscope Team i'm from urbana illinois, 200 kilometers south of chicago
- Student how many yaers do you study the electronic microscopi
- Bugscope Team yes Butterfly we also have TEM. I studied English and Biology in school.
- Student ah, i live in chicago for 1 month
- Bugscope Team yep, we've got TEM, SEM, AFM, fluorescence. we got it all!
- Student what is afm
- Bugscope Team I have been doing this for 25 years, since I got out of college.
- Bugscope Team here is a picture of the microscope you are control right now: http://www.itg.uiuc.edu/ms/equipment/microscopes/esem/
- Bugscope Team atomic force microscopy
- Bugscope Team AFM = atomic force microscopy
- Student what's the diference between TEM and SEM?
- Student we dont know , can you explain that
Bugscope Team SEM basically shoots electrons at the sample, and the image is gathered by collecting the bounce back from those electrons. in SEM the sample is NOT penetrated by electrons. in TEM, the sample is usually sliced very thin, and the electrons go through the sampe to give you the image
- Student ok.. we are very surprice ... also we like to study microoganism...but we dont have. the equipment
- Student what's the difference betwen tem and sem
- Bugscope Team with TEM you are looking through the sample, similar to the way you look through slides using a light microscope
- Student hi
- Bugscope Team with SEM you look at the surface of the sample
- Student how much cost a electronic mocroscopy?
- Bugscope Team Hi Colosh!
- Student so with sem we can only see dry samples?
- Bugscope Team the SEM cost about $600,000, and the TEM I am not sure about. It would cost probably $350,000 to replace.
- 9:44am
- Student very expensive
- Student hi samuraies
- Student can we use angstroms?? to mesure the cells??
- Bugscope Team environmental scanning electron microscope
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team you can see that we are using microns now
- Student Scott let switch to grasshoper
- Student but angstroms, when we use??
- Bugscope Team grasshoper has control of the scope now
- Bugscope Team a micron is 10,000 Angstroms
- Bugscope Team now we are at 9 microns, and 17...
- Student in this type of microscope, do we have to put an speciall liquid to the sample?
Bugscope Team no but in most cases we have to coat the sample with conductive materaial like gold
- Bugscope Team micron = micrometer
- Bugscope Team the sample is dry and has been coated with several nm of gold palladium
- Student ok
- Student where are the electrons taken from_??
- Student so, we are gonna use TEM or only SEM
- Student can we see the function of organels ??
- Bugscope Team if you want to see individual organelles you would use TEM
- Student THE GRASS IS ORDEN ORTHOPTERA ?
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team this is glowing because it is charging up with electrons
- Student wow
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team yes the grasshopper is Orthoptera
- Student iss it the arrange of cell??
- 9:49am
- Student are these tissues??
- Student how do you put the gold in samples
Bugscope Team we heat up the gold in a vacuum that has a bit of argon gas flowing into it
- Student ?
- Student what are we watching right now?
- Bugscope Team right now, you are looking at scales on a buttfly
- Student group oof cells
- Bugscope Team these are probably individual cells
- Student ok, but what are thes holes??
- Bugscope Team Annie!
- Bugscope Team Hi all!
- Bugscope Team We have a cold sputter head so the sample does not get hot when we coat it with gold palladium.
- Student THE GRASSHOPER HAVE TIMPANO, TIMPANO IS THE STRUCTURU THAT PRODUCE THE SOUND?
Bugscope Team Well, actually, the tympanum is what hears the sound. The file on the legs or wings makes the sound
- Student wow
- Student I ANNIE DID U SEE MY QUESTION
- Student with what kind of electrons you beam the sample ?
- Student WHATS ABOUT THIS PICTURE
- Student What are we seeing?
- Student Are this holes in the butterfly?
- Student what is the temperature to heat up the gold
- Bugscope Team the electrons that impinge on the sample come from a field emission electron gun that has a fine tungsten coating on it
- Student but, the air between these holes produce the sonud??
Bugscope Team Nope, monarchs and other lepidoptera do not produce any sounds that I know of--other than swooshing of wings
- Student sound?
- Bugscope Team we don't heat the gold in this case
- Bugscope Team We are looking at a very close-up view of a wing
- Bugscope Team we use an argon plasma to knock gold/palladium atoms out of a sheet of gold-palladium
- Bugscope Team a monarch butterfly wing
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team and the Au/Pd atoms rain on the sample, making it conductive
- Student why tungten?
- Student Annie what function that the holes have
Bugscope Team They make the wing lightweight, yet strong
- 9:55am
- Student I HAVE A GRASSHOPER AND I SEE HIS ALAS AND HIS ALAS ARE OF DIRERENT COLORS
Bugscope Team Grasshoppers often have hindwings that are different colors than their front wings. The hindwings are red or orange, and they are supposed to startle predators
- Student Scott let switch to ecoli
- Student ok thanks
- Bugscope Team ecoli has control now
- Student IN THIS MICROSCOPY I HAVE COLORS?
Bugscope Team SEM is not colored. colored light is at a wavelenght much bigger than the electrons which are used to gather the image
- Student HOW DID U CONTROL IT
- Student why we can not see the preset images
Bugscope Team if you can't see the presets, try hitting refresh (F5)
- Student ok
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team sometimes, like with the TEM, we use lanthanum hexaboride crystals to produce the electron beam
- Bugscope Team ecoli hit the refresh button on your browser
- Bugscope Team this is the claw -- the end of the tarsus -- of a moth
- Student specific
- Student specific, what is the function of electrons?
Bugscope Team think of the electrons as a light source for the microscope
- Student ANNIE ARE U LEAVING
- Student How many claws does the moth has?
Bugscope Team One on each leg...so 6
- Bugscope Team when you see white lines across the sample that means it is charging up with electrons -- that the electrons are not going to ground, or as the British say, 'earthing.'
- Student I'VE U MORE QUESTION
- Student what software you use to control the electronic microscopic to see in other countries??
- Bugscope Team we wrote our own software to control the electron microscope so that we can use it this way
- Bugscope Team Chas wrote the most recent version that we are using now.
- Student which microscope use more wave lenght?
Bugscope Team light microscopes have light in the visible range from say 350nm - 800nm because the wave legnth is so huge compaired to electrons, light microscopes do not see as much detail.
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team we usually do not think of TEM or SEM in terms of wavelengths
- 10:00am
- Student IN THE ORDEN ISOPTERA ERA TERMINTAS, THEY HAVE BACTERIAS IN HIS ESTOMACH, I CAN SEE THIS BACTERIAS?
Bugscope Team I don't think we can see them today, we would have to specially prepare the stomach to see those bacteria
- Bugscope Team the wavelengths of visible light are about 400 to 700 nm.
- Bugscope Team and the electron beam is 2.1 nm across right now
- Student when is there the oportunity to visit you?
- Bugscope Team so we are much smaller than the wavelengths of visible light, which is one reason we do not see color.
- Student YES, IN THE TERMINTAS EXIST BACTERIAS
Bugscope Team Yes, special bacteria that are found only in termites. Some termites also have protists in their guts
- Bugscope Team we would have to do TEM in order to be able to see into the stomach to see the bacteria
- Bugscope Team and far UV is 254 nm.
- Bugscope Team we are much smaller than that.
- Student I READ THAT BACTERIAS HAVE SIMILAR FUNCION A BACTERIAS OF THE RUMEN OF COWS
Bugscope Team Yes, very similar. They allow the termite to digest the cellulose and lignin in wood
- Bugscope Team way smaller
- Student ANNI?
- Bugscope Team this microscope can attain 2 nm resolution
- Student what s the latest technology in microscopy_??
- Bugscope Team my light microscope can see about 200nm
- Bugscope Team the latest technology is the ability to see atoms without computer correction of the normal lens aberrations
- Student both of the microscopes can be used in all kind of samples?
- Student AH, THAKS!
- Student what are we looking at?
- Bugscope Team this is the head of an ant
- 10:05am
- Student ANNI, THE EYES OF DIPTERA, WINTH MOSCA, HIS EYES ARE CALLS OCELOS?
Bugscope Team Many insects have two sets of eyes: compound eyes and simple eyes. The simple eyes are called ocelli.
- Bugscope Team And Jon also knows how to run TEM and SEM.
- Student what is that in its mouth?
- Bugscope Team the 'main' eyes are the compound eyes
- Bugscope Team what we saw was the other jaw when we were looking at the mouth
- Student how do the antennas work?
Bugscope Team There are many different type of sensory hairs (called setae) on the antennae. Some sense wind or touch, some sense smell, and some actually taste (like our tongues do).
- Bugscope Team this is the compound eye of the ant
- Bugscope Team the antennae have lots of sensory setae on them that allow the ant to smell the air and get chemical signals, for example
- Student we wanna go to illinois university, how can we go ?
Bugscope Team To visit or to become a student?
- Student HI
- Bugscope Team this is one of the mandibular palps of the ladybug
- Student thanks
- Student do you first dry the samples and then put on the microscope? or what exactly do you do?
- Student THE DIPTERA HAVE ONLY 4 LEGS, WHY? AND WHAT IS BALANCINES?
Bugscope Team All insects have six legs!
- Bugscope Team this is what the ladybug may use to taste its food
- Bugscope Team well, edgar went here, he could probably give you some great advice. i've lived here my whooole life, so i'm not sure what it takes to come here for university studies
- Student BALANCINES IS A STRUCTURE THAT BE EQUILIBRIO
- Bugscope Team Diptera have six legs as adults, and two wings, plus two halteres.
- Student can you sample DNA with this kind of microscope?
- 10:10am
- Bugscope Team the halteres are what allow the Diptera to compensate for the motion of the wings
- Student hello annie
- Bugscope Team Hi ecoli
- Bugscope Team we cannot see DNA, unless it is in huge chunks, using this microscope
- Student Scott, could you switch control to butterfly
- Bugscope Team Got it Mariposa.
- Student we wanna know more about that
- Student could you send me your msn
- Bugscope Team DNA polymerizes into juju that you can see with your eyes if you collect enough of it.
- Student what does juju means?
- Student hold on a second
- Student what are we see now
- Student ?
- Student what is the maximun size of the samples that the microscopes can show?
- Bugscope Team juju means a bunch of slimy googlie-gob
- Student better , i give you my msn and you addme to send information
Bugscope Team ecoli, you can find out lots of info about us and the university on the internet: http://bugscope.beckman.uiuc.edu, or http://www.beckman.uiuc.edu or http://www.uiuc.edu
- Bugscope Team juju is what we call things we don't always recognize right away -- often things that look like grease]
- Student thankzzzzz annie
- 10:15am
- Bugscope Team the microscope stage is 50 mm across, and we can fit things about that size or smaller in the 'scope
- Student do you practice sonication to e coli???
- Student http://www.uiuc.edu is the university s web page
- Bugscope Team we do not sonicate the E coli but Edgar's lab here does that as part of their experimentation
Bugscope Team yes, that is the website for the university of illinois, in urbana/champaign
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team we are in the beckman instutute, it is a research facility, part of the U of I. our group is the imaging technology group, http://www.itg.uiuc.edu
- Bugscope Team we should throw in the Hanks' lab web site as well
- Student do you have another presets
Bugscope Team well, we only have the presets you see here. it takes time to setup the scope and create the vacuum needed to image with elecron microscopy. so we are stuck with the presets we have right now.
- Bugscope Team www.life.uiuc.edu/hanks
- Bugscope Team yay!
- Student what was the most important thing that you had discovered with the microscope?
- Student if someone form other country wants to study an especific sample, how can he do it?
- Student i mean can you sample via internet?
Bugscope Team normally someone who wants to do detailed research will come here to prep and image the sample. there are a lot of details to electron microscopy, not all of them are available here in bugscope.
- Student ok understood
- 10:20am
- Bugscope Team we help lots of people do their own research, and ther are certainly going to be a variety of opinions as to what is important
- Student hi
- Bugscope Team we get to see some pretty cool stuff, including stretchable silicon, self-healing polymers, nerve cells growing on scaffolds people have designed...
- Student what is the composition of E coli membrane??
- Student ok,,, so allmost any student can go an sample,,, is there any fee?
Bugscope Team yes, we are open to the public, but there is a fee, all that info is available on our website: http://www.itg.uiuc.edu
- Student what aspects can affect the e. coli membrane?
- Bugscope Team carbon hydrogen oxygen, maybe nitrogen, not sure what else
- Student whats the efects of the the temperature in the bacteria membrane?
- Student and the time?
- Bugscope Team it looks from what we see today like the E coli have no problem with temperatures as high as 61 C.
- Bugscope Team but when you sonicate them they blow apart
- Student great
- Bugscope Team there is a nice view of bacteria dividing -- oops it is gone
- Bugscope Team that is why food is prepared to 82 degrees C to kill off the bacteria
- Student ok,
- 10:25am
- Bugscope Team you can see the ceramic membrane filters surface
- Student but can we find some AA in the membrane?
- Student Scott could we switch controls to mots (edgar)
- Bugscope Team We don't know that much about E coli, especially compared to Edgar.
- Student what are the correct levels of time and temperature to get correct samples???
- Bugscope Team body temperture is great for ecoli 37 degrees C
- Bugscope Team mots has control
- Bugscope Team here you can see the carnage that occurs with sonication
- Bugscope Team these little dudes had their ends blown out, and there are bacteria guts everywhere
- Student do you have photos of others researches?
Bugscope Team on the beckman website, you can find the names and some photos of most of the researchers here. http://www.beckman.uiuc.edu
- Student with this microscopes, can we see moving samples?
Bugscope Team well, mostly you don't want the samples to move, that makes it harder to image. but scott has some stories about insects that move around inside the scope. pretty cool!
- Student thaks
- Student i would like to know that
- Student if the membrane has some aa??
- Student great!!
- 10:30am
- Bugscope Team scott can take a time series of sugar and you can watch it go from crystal to liquid state
- Student do you know what cavitation is?
- Bugscope Team we would have to break the bacteria up and figure out how to make a membrane-only prep that could be analyzed.
- Student how we can do that?
- Student ok
- Bugscope Team he does it to show off his scope every once in a while
- Bugscope Team isn't cavitation very similar to sonication?
- Bugscope Team this microscope is special in that we can image wet samples if we want to
- Student can you help me with the web page of the food institute of Illinios University??
- Student what is the main diference betwen cavitation and sonication??
- Bugscope Team Hello Alejandro, Hello to Researchers controlling the microscope. You have the Power.
- Student Scott, pls could you return the controls to mots??
- Bugscope Team sonication causes cavitation
- Student yes
- Student ok
- Student thanks edgar
- Bugscope Team cavitation is the pitting that occurs as a result of sonication
- Student what equipment do you know is used to practice sonication?
- Student what is the composition of the E. coli external membrana?
- Bugscope Team Butterfly I do not know the specific composition of the cell wall or outer membrane of E coli, I am sorry.
- 10:36am
- Bugscope Team some devices vibrate rapidly and produce ultrasonic waves.
- Student what is the main cause of the explosion of the cell wall?
Bugscope Team polymer of disaccharides in the membranes are cross-linked by short chains of amino acids, if enoung force is exerted to these links, they can break apart and the cells will lyce I suppose sonication can cause tares in the membrane this way.
- Bugscope Team we have much less direct experience with this than Edgar.
- Student what equipment do you know is used to practice sonication?
- Bugscope Team there must be a buildup of pressure within the bacterium due to sonication that causes the walls to blow out
- Student if I need a specific picture for my research,, can you provide it to me?
Bugscope Team many of the images on our website are owned by the research, so you'd need to request to use the image. if you see something you want to use, just email us and we can get you in contact with the owner of the image
- Student Scott, let swith control to ladybug please
- Student thanks
- Bugscope Team heat does not do that as rapidly, although as Jon says, once you get to a higher temperature,m like 82 C, you are breaking the cells down and rendering them nonfunctional.
- Bugscope Team ladybug has control now
- Student why just black and white and not colors?
Bugscope Team all the images you are seeing are collected by an electron camera, the image is *made* from electrons. since electrons are way way smaller than visible light (color), there is no such thing as color when using electron microscopy
- Student ok, tnaks
- Student please, give us examples of thermal bacterias??
- Student thanks
- 10:41am
- Student hi
- Bugscope Team we are working with people who are collecting thermophilic bacteria at Yellowstone National Park, from the Hot Springs, and I am not sure those are even named yet.
- Student is there any way to avoid cell damage?
- Bugscope Team Alex, Scott, and Annie: Great show on being so early with the session. You are the true troopers.
- 10:46am
- Student great answer jon thanks
- Student what type of anten is there?
- Student what is that
- Bugscope Team you are welcome
- Bugscope Team these are palps, used to sample food before eating it
- Student thanks
- Bugscope Team this is one of the maxillary or mandibular palps on the ladybug face
- Student what the structure in the middle of the picture
- Student scott ,, is there any way to avoid cell damage?
- Student Scott pls change control now to bugs
- Student plese
- Student thaks
- Student what kind of carbohidrate has the bacteria membrane?
Bugscope Team butterfly, not sure if this is the answer, but i found it on wikipedia: "The bacterial cell wall differs from that of all other organisms by the presence of peptidoglycan (poly-N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid), which is located immediately outside of the cytoplasmic membrane. Peptidoglycan is responsible for the rigidity of the bacterial cell wall and for the determination of cell shape"
- Bugscope Team bugs has control now
- Bugscope Team Probably no way to avoid cell damage due to sonication...
- Bugscope Team Butterfly we do not know much about the bacterial membrane and will have to look it up...
- Student what the structure in the middle of the picture
Bugscope Team That is a palp, that the beetle uses to taste food and other surfaces
- Bugscope Team the structure in the middle of the picture is one of the mandibular or maxillary palps on the ladybug face
- Bugscope Team it is one of the mouthparts -- sort of a modified limb that they have
- Bugscope Team you can now see the other ones, which resemble vacuum cleaner nozzles
- 10:51am
- Student what are the palps made of?
- Student what is the bateria system protection from the sonication?
- Student it is incredible
- Bugscope Team the palps are made of chitin, on the outside
- Bugscope Team the eye can see color and probably U
- Bugscope Team UV as well.
- Bugscope Team where is zamorano?
- Student in honduras , central america
- Student in Honduras
- Bugscope Team the shape of the bacterium and the thick cell wall protects it from many things, but if you use enough power you can get it to break open -- or enough heat.
- Bugscope Team oh, yeah just found it, the website that is
- Student www.zamorano.edu
- Student www.zamorano.edu
- Student www.zamorano.edu
- Student alejandro are U from guatemala??
- Bugscope Team It would be fun to have one of these set up in Zamorano.
- Bugscope Team i would LOVE to visit honduras
- Bugscope Team The other Alex is from Guatemala.
- Student jajaja ok
- Student yes it would be great
- Bugscope Team I would love to collect longhorned beeltes in Honduras!
- 10:56am
- Bugscope Team yes, we have a staff member bere, alex jerez, he is from guatemala.
- Bugscope Team The other Alex (Alex Jerez) is a 3D image specialist.
- Bugscope Team One day!
- Student wecan help you annie
- Bugscope Team you won't need a microscope to see them
- Teacher bye
- Student ok
- Student oh we are leaving
- Bugscope Team I have to graduate first; then I can go on bug trips again!
- Student bye everyone
- Bugscope Team Thank You!
- Bugscope Team Thank you all
- Bugscope Team muchas gracias senoras y senors!
- Student it was great to talk with you
- Student bye
- Student regards to all of you
- Bugscope Team hasta luego
- Student see you the next year
- Teacher thanks for all!!!
- Student mmmm , you are studying yet?
- Student we have to leave now,, thanks for the time we shared
- Student great
- Bugscope Team yes, next year, for sure
- Student bye bye
- Student fremio05...hotmail
- Bugscope Team This is a thrill for us, and we very much enjoyed it.
- Bugscope Team Over and out from Annie!
- Bugscope Team Over and out!
- Bugscope Team ciao annie
- Teacher This is edgar
- Teacher Thanks guy for your time
- Bugscope Team hi edgar
- Bugscope Team it was our pleasure
- Bugscope Team Hey Man that was fun.
- Teacher you have been wonderful, students are happy and excited
- Bugscope Team some very good questions
- Bugscope Team Please think about including us in your schedule next year.
- Teacher Thanks dude.
- Bugscope Team The connection speed seemed to be perfect.
- Bugscope Team man it is snowing here. i'll bet it's much nicer weather there!
- Teacher The professor of the School in zamorano, also participated
- Bugscope Team who was that?
- Bugscope Team Pajara?
- Teacher and they are also interested in doing a session for the kids
- Bugscope Team What does Pajara mean?
- Bugscope Team heh
- Bugscope Team that sounds great
- Teacher is a nickmane
- Teacher little bird}
- Teacher pajarita
- Bugscope Team right
- Teacher and short pajara
- Bugscope Team heh
- Bugscope Team short pajara -- that is pretty funny
- Bugscope Team that was a woman?
- Teacher well, guy, hope to see you soon, and hopefully weather is a little warmer by now
- 11:01am
- Teacher yeah
- Bugscope Team is she/he going to contact us?
- Bugscope Team okay, thanks edgar, hasta luego
- Teacher I don´t know
- Bugscope Team no problem we are in a basement as you know and the weather never changes here
- Teacher let me figure it out who was it
- Bugscope Team but ask her to contact us and we will be glad to do it.
- Teacher because there was four students per computer
- Bugscope Team wow
- Teacher so there were 28 students
- Teacher not 7
- Bugscope Team awesome
- Bugscope Team wow...
- Bugscope Team Edgar we are going to let the next person on. But please stay in touch, and we will for sure be glad to connect with K-12 kids.
- Teacher so 28 plus 28, there were 53 students
- Teacher well, there are 26 and 27
- Teacher ok
- Teacher see you
- Bugscope Team heh, okay, i thought i was forgetting how to add ;)
- Teacher bye, and thanks again
- Bugscope Team bye edgar, thanks
- Bugscope Team okay, session done, nice job everyone.
- Bugscope Team rxl stopped, session disabled, session locked
- Bugscope Team chow!
